Timber in the buildings of many tropical countries is at risk from attack by termites. As this can lead to rapid structural failure, preventive measures are essential. This Note details a number of preventive measures that can be taken individually or in combination. They include the: provision of barriers such as metal shields and slab projection, treatment of the soil around buildings with insecticides, use of preservative pre-treated timbers, removal of termite nests and timber debris from construction sites, and thorough, regular inspection of buildings in service. The remedial treatment of buildings with termite infestation is also covered.